sensord(8) Linux System Administration sensord(8)
NAME
sensord - Sensor information logging daemon.
SYNOPSIS
sensord [ options ] [ chips ]
DESCRIPTION
Sensord is a daemon that can be used to periodically log sensor readings from hardware health-monitoring chips to
syslog(3) or a round-robin database (RRD) and to alert when a sensor alarm is signalled; for example, if a fan
fails, a temperature limit is exceeded, etc.
OPTIONS
-i, --interval time
Specify the interval between scanning for sensor alarms; the default is to scan every minute.
The time should be specified as a raw integer (seconds) or with a suffix `s' for seconds, `m' for minutes
or `h' for hours; for example, the default interval is `60' or `1m'.
Specify an interval of zero to suppress scanning explicitly for alarms.
-l, --log-interval time
Specify the interval between logging all sensor readings; the default is to log all readings every half
hour.
The time is specified as before; e.g., `30m'.
Specify an interval of zero to suppress logging of regular sensor readings.
-t, --rrd-interval time
Specify the interval between logging all sensor readings to a round-robin database; the default is to log
all readings every five minutes if a round-robin database is configured.
The time is specified as before; e.g., `5m'.
-T, --rrd-no-average
Specify that the round-robin database should not be averaged.
-r, --rrd-file file
Specify a round-robin database into which to log all sensor readings; e.g., `/var/log/sensord.rrd'. This
database will be created if it does not exist. By default, no round-robin database is used.
See the section ROUND ROBIN DATABASES below for more details.
-c, --config-file file
Specify a libsensors(3) configuration file. If no file is specified, the libsensors default configuration
file is used.
-p, --pid-file file
Specify what PID file to write; the default is to write the file `/var/run/sensord.pid'. You should always
specify an absolute path here. The file is removed when the daemon exits.
-f, --syslog-facility facility
Specify the syslog(3) facility to use when logging sensor readings and alarms; the default is to use dae‐
mon.
Other possible facilities include local0 through local7, and user.
-g, --rrd-cgi directory
Prints out a sample rrdcgi(1) CGI script that can be used to display graphs of recent sensor information in
a Web page, and exits. You must specify the world-writable, Web-accessible directory where the graphs
should be stored; the CGI script assumes that this will be accessed under the `/sensord/' directory on the
Webserver. See the section ROUND ROBIN DATABASES below for more details.
-a, --load-average
Include the load average in the RRD database. You should also specify this flag when you create the CGI
script.
-d, --debug
Prints a small amount of additional debugging information.
-h, --help
Prints a help message and exits.
-v, --version
Displays the program version and exits.
CHIPS
To restrict the devices that are scanned by this daemon, you may optionally specify a list of chip names. By
default, all available chips are scanned.
A typical chip name would be `w83782d-*' (you may want to escape the `*' for your shell) which would scan any
W83782D chips on any bus. See sensors.conf(5) for more details. Another option is to simply not load the sensor
modules for chips in which you have no interest.
SIGNALS
Upon receipt of a SIGTERM (see signal(7) for details) this daemon should gracefully shut down.
Upon receipt of a SIGHUP, this daemon will rescan the kernel interface for chips and features, and reload the lib‐
sensors configuration file.
LOGGING
All messages from this daemon are logged to syslog(3) under the program name `sensord' and facility daemon, or
whatever is specified on the command line.
Regular sensor readings are logged at the level info. Alarms are logged at the level alert. Inconsequential sta‐
tus messages are logged at the minimum level, debug, when debugging is enabled.
You can use an appropriate `/etc/syslog.conf' file to direct these messages in a useful manner. See syslog.conf(5)
for full details. Assuming you set the logging facility to local4, the following is a sample configuration:
# Sample syslog.conf entries
*.info;...;local4.none;local4.warn /var/log/messages
local4.info -/var/log/sensors
local4.alert /dev/console
local4.alert *
The first line ensures that regular sensor readings do not clutter `/var/log/messages'; we first say `local4.none'
to eliminate informational messages; then `local4.warn' to enable warnings and above. The second line says to log
all regular sensor readings to `/var/log/sensors'; the leading hyphen `-' means that this file is not flushed
after every message. The final two lines ensure that alarms are printed to the system console as well as to all
connected users (in addition to `/var/log/messages' and `/var/log/sensors').
LOG ROTATION
On a typical system with a good sensor chip, expect about 2KB per sensor reading in the log file. This works out
at about 3MB per month. You should be rotating your syslog files anyway, but just to be sure you'll want to use
something like logrotate(8) or equivalent. You might, for example, want an entry in `/etc/logrotate.d/syslog' con‐
taining:
# Sample logrotate.d entry
/var/log/sensors {
postrotate
/usr/sbin/killall -HUP syslogd
endscript
}
Note, of course, that you want to restart syslogd(8) and not sensord(8)
ALARMS
Alarms generally indicate a critical condition; for example, a fan failure or an unacceptable temperature or volt‐
age. However, some sensor chips do not support alarms, while others are incorrectly configured and may signal
alarms incorrectly.
Note that some drivers may lack support for alarm reporting even though the chips they support do have alarms. As
of Linux 2.6.23, many drivers still don't report alarms in a format suitable for libsensors 3.
BEEPS
If you see `(beep)' beside any sensor reading, that just means that your system is configured to issue an audio
warning from the motherboard if an alarm is signalled on that sensor.
ROUND ROBIN DATABASES
Sensord(8) provides support for storing sensor readings in a round-robin database. This may be a useful alterna‐
tive to the use of syslog(3).
Round-robin databases are constant-size databases that can be used to store, for example, a week's worth of sensor
readings. Subsequent readings stored in the database will overwrite readings that are over a week old. This capa‐
bility is extremely useful because it allows useful information to be stored in an easily-accessible manner for a
useful length of time, without the burden of ever-growing log files.
The rrdtool(1) utility and its associated library provide the basic framework for the round-robin database beneath
sensord(8). In addition, the rrdcgi(1) and rrdgraph(1) utilities provide support for generating graphs of these
data for display in a Web page.
If you wish to use the default configuration of round-robin database, which holds one week of sensor readings at
five-minute intervals, then simply start sensord(8) and specify where you want the database stored. It will auto‐
matically be created and configured using these default parameters.
If you wish readings to be stored for a longer period, or want multiple readings to be averaged into each database
entry, then you must manually create and configure the database before starting sensord(8). Consult the rrdcre‐
ate(1) manual for details. Note that the database must match exactly the names and order of sensors read by sen‐
sord(8). It is recommended that you create the default database and then use rrdinfo(1) to obtain this informa‐
tion, and/or rrdtune(1) to change it.
After creating the round-robin database, you must then configure your Web server to display the sensor informa‐
tion. This assumes that you have a Web server preconfigured and functioning on your machine. Sensord(8) provides
a command-line option --rrd-cgi to generate a basic CGI script to display these graphs; you can then customize
this script as desired. Consult the rrdcgi(1) manual for details. This CGI script requires a world-writable, Web-
accessible directory into which to write the graphs that it generates.
An example of how to set up Web-accessible graphs of recent sensor readings follows:
sensord --log-interval 0 \
--load-average \
--rrd-file /var/log/sensord.rrd
Here, we start sensord(8) and configure it to store readings in a round-robin database; note that we disable log‐
ging of sensor readings to syslog(3), and enable logging of the load average.
mkdir /var/www/sensord
chown www-data:staff /var/www/sensord
chmod a=rwxs /var/www/sensord
Here, we create a world-writable, Web-accessible directory in which graphs will be stored; we set the ownership
and permissions on this directory appropriately. You will have to determine the location and ownership that is
appropriate for your machine.
sensord --load-average \
--rrd-file /var/log/sensord.rrd \
--rrd-cgi /var/www/sensord \
> /usr/lib/cgi-bin/sensord.cgi
chmod a+rx /usr/lib/cgi-bin/sensord.cgi
Here, we create a CGI script that will display sensor readings from the database. You must specify the location
of the round-robin database, the location of the directory where the images should be stored, and whether you want
the load average displayed. The --rrd-cgi command-line parameter causes sensord(8) to display a suitable CGI
script on stdout and then to exit. You will need to write this script to the CGI bin directory of your Web server,
and edit the script if the image directory you chose is not the `/sensord/' directory of your Web server.
Finally, you should be able to view your sensor readings from the URL `http://localhost/cgi-bin/sensord.cgi'.
MODULES
It is expected that all required sensor modules are loaded prior to this daemon being started. This can either be
achieved with a system specific module loading scheme (e.g., listing the required modules in the file `/etc/mod‐
ules' under Debian).
ERRORS
Errors encountered by this daemon are logged to syslogd(8) after which the daemon will exit.
BUGS
Round-robin database support doesn't cope with multiple sensor chips having duplicate sensor labels.
FILES
/etc/sensors3.conf
/etc/sensors.conf
The system-wide libsensors(3) configuration file. See sensors.conf(5) for further details.
/etc/syslog.conf
The system-wide syslog(3) / syslogd(8) configuration file. See syslog.conf(5) for further details.
SEE ALSO
sensors.conf(5)
AUTHORS
Sensord was written by Merlin Hughes <merlin@merlin.org>. Basics of round-robin databases were misappropriated
from Mark D. Studebaker.
lm-sensors 3 October 2007 sensord(8)
Тема: Журналирование температуры оборудования (Прочитано 1103 раз)
